‘TARIFFS all the way!!!’: EU mulls carrots and sticks to counter Trump on trade

Bloc may ward off incoming president’s threats by buying more US goods, or impose its own tariffs in retaliation

Halt illegal imports of conflict minerals from DRC, campaigners urge EU

Law to stop armed groups profiting from trade in gold, tin, tungsten and tantalum is being breached, rights groups say

Canada’s provincial leaders in disarray over response to Trump tariff threats

Responses range from conciliation to retaliation, including cutting off electricity and halting the purchase of US liquor

UK bans German meat and dairy products after foot-and-mouth case

Import of pork, lamb and beef as well as live cattle, sheep and pigs suspended amid outbreak near Berlin

UK low- to middle-income families far poorer than OECD counterparts – study

Britons 39% worse off than Dutch equivalent due to housing costs 44% higher than western European average

Treasury minister moves to reassure markets after UK borrowing costs soar

Treasury chief secretary responds to urgent question in Commons as market turmoil hits pound

Rachel Reeves heads to China to build bridges, but new golden era of relations is impossible

Seeking business partners is sound policy, but even in these darker geopolitical times the UK will still side with the US

Consumers could face price rises of 20% in 2025, trade experts warn

Global instability and possibility of Trump administration imposing tariffs may disrupt flow of goods

From Trump tariffs to AI: the big economic questions facing governments in 2025

The main issues confronting policymakers around the world seem particularly portentous this new year

At best, 2025 will be a year of slow economic recovery. As for the worst? Brace yourselves

With threats of recession, global fracturing and increasingly angry voters, Labour’s sticky start is unlikely to get any easier, says Guardian columnist Larry Elliott

A year of two halves: how global financial markets fared in 2024

Good for equities, good for the US, and good for crypto but the year spawned mixed blessings for the UK, China and Europe

Global markets tipped to keep rising in 2025 despite trade war fears

A trade war started by Donald Trump is seen as the biggest risk to market stability next year

Trump versus trade: the global economic outlook for 2025 in five charts

Unpredictable change will sweep through America, while old problems, from war to inflation, are likely to afflict other countries

World Bank lifts China growth forecasts but calls for deeper reforms

Policy easing and stronger exports have helped economy, but country still faces property crisis and weak demand

Labour urged to lead global debt relief effort as cost of repayments soars

Campaigners call for action in 2025, as crippling repayments prevent spending to cut poverty and tackle climate crisis