Closing summary: New coronavirus strain causes UK freight backlog
Sentiment on global markets has been dominated today by the news from the UK that the new coronavirus strain is more transmissible than previous versions - although not thought so far to be any more deadly.
For British would-be travellers and transport companies the news and subsequent restrictions were a blow, but the subsequent ban on all human travel from the UK to France, including lorry drivers, has prompted the first major test of the UK’s no-deal Brexit plans, with queues of lorries on the M20 motorway in Kent.
The UK is in talks with France over lifting the ban, and Prime Minister Boris Johnson is due to chair a meeting of the Cobra emergency committee this afternoon. You can read a full report here:
There is still significant disruption to get through at the ports: remember that seconds of delays can add up to a major blockage, so a total ban on drivers and the backlog of lorries will not be cleared quickly. Here is the Port of Dover’s latest.
Access to the Ferry Terminal at the Port of Dover is still suspended to all accompanied traffic leaving the UK until further notice
— Port of Dover Travel (@PoD_travelnews) December 21, 2020
In the US stock markets have fallen - albeit not quite as heavily as in Europe - as the uncertainty over what the new strain will mean takes hold.
Indeed, around the world the mood is thoroughly “risk off”, with investors moving money from equities around the world towards safe-haven bonds:
Tesla, the newest entrant to the S&P 500 in the US, has lost 5% in early trading or about $38 to reach $656. And remember, Tesla’s enormous market capitalisation means that it has an inordinate effect on the index: a move of $11 roughly translates to a point on the S&P 500.
You can continue to follow our live coverage of the coronavirus response from around the world:
Spain joins countries banning flights from UK as Boris Johnson holds crisis talks
Thank you for following our live coverage of business, economics and financial markets today, and please do come back tomorrow for more of the same. JJ
Wall Street follows Europe in steep decline amid new strain concerns
Investors in US companies have responded to concerns about the new strain of the virus by selling their stocks, mirroring European markets.
U.S. markets open lowerhttps://t.co/QKV2SoRZ4B pic.twitter.com/37U8hp4FF5
— Bloomberg Markets (@markets) December 21, 2020
Via Reuters (expect some volatility around these numbers in the first few minutes):
The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 20.05 points, or 0.07%, at the open to 30,159. The S&P 500 opened lower by 25.13 points, or 0.68%, at 3,684.28. The Nasdaq Composite dropped 159.49 points, or 1.25%, to 12,596.14 at the opening bell.
Updated
Five minutes to go until the Wall Street opening bell, and futures are showing that it will be a steep selloff - although not quite as dramatic as earlier moves suggested.
The S&P 500 is expected to drop by 1.4%, while the Dow Jones industrial average and the Nasdaq are both pegged for a 1% decline.
Some more detail on the £23m Evans sale: hundreds of jobs are at risk across the country in its various outlets, writes the Guardian’s Sarah Butler:
Buyer City Chic Collective plans to operate Evans, which made sales of £26m online and via wholesale last year, as an online-only brand. That will mean the closure of more than 100 Evans concessions and outlets within other Arcadia stores as well as its five standalone shops. The concessions and other outlets will not close immediately but hundreds of jobs are at risk at those outlets.
Arcadia, which employs 13,000 people at about 500 outlets, collapsed into administration last month as high street lockdowns prompted by the coronavirus pandemic piled on pressure after years of flagging sales amid heavy competition from rivals such as Boohoo and Primark.
A note for central bank/regulation watchers: the former chief executive of Barclays is among three banking insiders appointed to the Bank of England’s prudential regulation committee by chancellor Rishi Sunak.
Antony Jenkins, John Taylor, and Tanya Castell will join the committee, replacing Sandra Boss, Mark Yallop and David Belshamat various points next year.
Jenkins was forced out as Barclays boss in 2015. Since then he started a banking technology startup, 10x, and joined the board of Fannie Mae, the US government mortgage securitisation company.
Taylor previously held senior roles at Standard Life and Lloyds Banking Group, while Castell has served in senior roles at Handelsbanken, Lloyds Banking Group and UBS.
The prime minister’s spokesman has repeated requests from the food industry for people to refrain from panic buying. The UK has resilient supply chains and people should shop normally, the spokesman said.
The government is in close contact with France to get freight traffic moving again, the spokesman said.
However, on Brexit talks the spokesman said there are significant gaps remaining, and confirmed that the transition will end on 1 January come what may. (An extension of the transition would be difficult because it would require the UK and EU to actively support it.)
The FTSE 100 has lost more ground once more: the index is down by 2.6%. It’s also notable that the mid-cap FTSE 250 index has lost 2.9%.
Across Europe the Stoxx 600 index has lost 2.7%.
The pound is hovering near the $1.33 mark against the US dollar, a decline of 1.7% for the day.
An hour before Wall Street opens futures for the S&P 500 have lost 2%.
Today is something of a red-letter day for Tesla, the US electric car pioneer, as it belatedly joins the S&P 500 index.
It is not quite panning out as planned, with shares down by about 4% in pre-market trading ahead of its big entrance, but with the stock closing on Friday at a record high of $695, the company’s backers and chief executive Elon Musk won’t mind a small pullback.
The reshuffle will mean a host of index-tracking funds around the world - including those held by a large proportion of pensions - will have to buy the stock (and sell Aimco, the Apartment Investment and Management Company). Usually this is just a matter of course, but Tesla’s extraordinary stock price boom will mean that there is an unusually high volume of movement to adjust for what is now one of the world’s most valuable companies - even though it makes a fraction of the cars made by rivals such as Volkswagen or Toyota.
Tesla, which faced questions over whether it could avoid a cash crunch only 18 months ago, will account for 1.69% of the S&P 500, at a valuation of more than $650bn on Friday. For every $11.11 Tesla’s share price moves, the S&P 500 will change by a point.
The selloff in the UK has abated somewhat, after the French government indicated that it was looking at ways to restart the movement of hauliers across the Channel.
BREAKING: French government says that it will establish a protocol in the next few hours “to ensure that movement from the UK can resume".
— Paul Brand (@PaulBrandITV) December 21, 2020
The FTSE 100 is now down by 2.1% - although that it still a hefty 135-point drop - at 6,393 points.
The pound is down against the US dollar by 1.8%, at $1.3280. Against the euro the pound has lost 0.7%, at €1.2168.
Crude oil prices have also come back a bit, after earlier dropping by as much as 5%. Brent crude futures are down by 3.7% at $50.37.
Stena Line Group, one of the ferry companies that transports freight across the Irish Sea, is moving one of its ships that regularly serves Belfast port to a French-Irish route instead.
The new route from Rosslare in the south of the Republic of Ireland to Cherbourg in northern France will allow some freight to avoid the UK, amid significant uncertainty over what the rules governing trade and customs will be on 1 January - not to mention the new restrictions on travel between the UK and many other nations.
Update for Irish Sea freight customers: the Stena Foreteller is being moved into position to commence on the Rosslare to Cherbourg route. We will now have two ships departing tomorrow direct to France. Please contact our freight team for bookings. https://t.co/UJKkQHQTzs pic.twitter.com/UG9LIOpMRd
— Stena Line Group (@StenaLine) December 21, 2020
It looks like investors looking at the US are gearing up to sell the fact of the stimulus package being agreed, after buying the rumour. In layman’s terms that means that US stock markets are on course for a heavy drop when they open in a few hours.
Stock market futures for the S&P 500 suggest the US benchmark will lose 2.2%. The Dow Jones industrial average is pegged down by 1.9%, while the Nasdaq (whose tech stocks provide a fairly good hedge against further coronavirus restrictions) is looking like a 1.4% decline is likely.
Here is an interesting perspective on where we are from a market volatility point of view. The Vix, known by journalist and commentator types as Wall Street’s fear gauge, has risen sharply. The Vix measures investors’ bets on stock market volatility.
Something else has happened.$VIX pic.twitter.com/RVM9ctyb25
— Sven Henrich (@NorthmanTrader) December 21, 2020
Plus-size brand Evans has been rescued from administration in a £23m deal but will close all five standalone stores with the loss of 25 jobs.
The brand is the first part of Sir Philip Green’s Arcadia Group to be sold off, marking the beginning of the break up of his fashion empire which also includes Topshop, Dorothy Perkins, Burton and Miss Selfridge.
Australia’s City Chic Collective, said it had bought Evans to expand its portfolio of plus brands, which include City Chic, Avenue, and Hips & Curves, into Europe. It currently operates in Australia, New Zealand and the US.
Updated
UK retailers reported stable sales in the run-up to Christmas, but they anticipated a bleak January even before large parts of the country were effectively put back into lockdown, according to the closely followed distributive trades survey from the Confederation of British Industry (CBI).
Retail sales volumes recovered after two months of sharp declines to stand broadly flat for the year to December, with a balance of only 3% of respondents saying that orders were down. However, 33% expected sales to fall in January.
The survey ran from 23 November to 14 December, meaning retailers did not have a chance to take into account the cancelled Christmas bubble plan, or the prospect of longer lockdown periods for London and the south east of England.
There was strong growth for grocers, furniture vendors and retailers of ‘other normal goods’ (cards, flowers and jewellery, etc.), but clothing, footwear and department stores reported lower volumes than last year, the CBI said.
Stable sales had been seen as a fairly good result, said Ben Jones, principal economist at the CBI, but that has now changed:
The new year looks set for an unpromising start, with retailers anticipating a sharp fall in sales in January. An expected deterioration in the labour market will likely weigh on household spending, even assuming the roll-out of Covid-19 vaccines paves the way for a gradual lifting of restrictions as the year progresses.
Government support measures, such as business rates relief and the extended furlough scheme, have been immensely helpful for retailers. To assist with planning, a priority now should be to avoid any sudden cliff-edges as schemes are wound down.
Deutsche Post DHL, the German delivery company, has said it will halt deliveries of parcels to Britain and Ireland for business and private customers because of new transport restrictions.
Sterling is down by 2.2% this morning - or about $3 - at $1.3212.
It briefly dipped below the $1.32 mark, last hit 10 days ago, a few minutes before. That represented 2.5% decline, and the biggest one-day drop since March, when there was a global rush for dollars.
Less than a week ago the pound had hit its strongest level since spring 2018, but the combination of further difficulties in the Brexit talks, coupled with the prospect of supply chain chaos, has put paid to any optimism for now.
Here is the performance of the FTSE 100 this morning. You can just about see the steep drop at the opening bell on the left-hand side, but in recent minutes there has been another rapid selloff:
It may be tied to statements on the wires from the Irish foreign minister over fishing in the Brexit talks - a key issue despite its minnow status in the economies of both sides. Reuters reports that Irish foreign minister Simon Coveney said:
- Fisheries are the last remaining Brexit issue
- There needs to be a middle ground found on fishing
- It is very unlikely that the EU states will support a further offer on fishing beyond what was offered at the weekend
FTSE 100 decline acclerates - down 2.9%
The FTSE 100 selloff has accelerated again, with the index down by 2.9%, a 190-point decline.
The sterling selloff has also sped up: the pound is now 2.4% weaker against the US dollar.
The transport workers’ union has called for emergency help for the workers and companies affected by the blockage at UK ports, after all accompanied travel between the UK and France was banned.
RMT (the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers) said it was seeking urgent talks with the government over the crisis.
Getlink, the company that runs the Channel Tunnel, was a heavy faller on stock markets on Monday morning, with shares down by 5.3%. Shares in Danish shipping company DFDS were down by 2.2%.
RMT general secretary Mick Cash said:
Thousands of workers on Eurostar, on the ferries and at our ports have been caught in the crossfire of the border crisis that has developed overnight and escalated this morning.
RMT is calling for an urgent package of government support and protection for the staff and services impacted by the decision to suspend operations.
We will be looking for emergency tripartite talks with the employers and government to ensure that the practical and financial underpinning required is made available without delay.
Food transport boss: Don't stockpile, no shortages now but urgent deal needed
UK consumers should not stockpile food and there are currently no shortages, according to the boss of the lobby group for fresh food transporters.
However, Shane Brennan, chief executive of the Cold Chain Federation, said a deal to allow goods transport between the UK and France is urgently needed.
It comes after Sainsbury’s, the supermarket, this morning warned that there may be gaps on the shelves for some of the most delay-sensitive fresh food imports, such as lettuce, broccoli and citrus fruits if the ports blockage is not solved soon.
Yet the biggest cause of empty shelves in March was consumers stockpiling, not import shortages, Brennan warned.
Here is Brennan’s statement this morning in full:
This decision will impact first and foremost on hundreds of drivers, who are either on the road or are supposed to set out in the coming days to carry goods to people in the UK and across the EU. This will cause them, their families, and their employers great anxiety as they will have no idea when or how they will get home. We urge the authorities on all sides to consider their welfare above all else in the hours ahead.
We must also remember that the UK has a resilient and diverse food supply chain, we are operating at our peak trading period with well stocked supermarkets and supply chains full of all the products people need for Christmas. We urge consumers to trust in the professionals working across the cold chain to do their job. They have proved they can do this every day through Covid.
As we learnt in March the biggest cause of products running out on the shelves, will be unnecessary and excessive buying, we urge everyone to play their part and buy only what they genuinely need.
Whilst we face no shortages now, we do need urgent agreements between the UK and EU Governments to find a way to safely allow freight movements to continue. This has been possible at every other stage through the pandemic. An extended period of stopped movement now will cause significant problems for supply chains in January.
And sticking to that theme for a second: oil prices have also taken a hit thanks to the uncertainty around the new coronavirus strain in the UK.
The price of Brent crude oil futures, the North Sea benchmark, fell by 4.8% on Monday morning, back to $49.82 per barrel, undoing the gains of the last week. That represented a $2.40 drop.
Futures prices had hit their highest level since early March on Friday, before the UK government revealed its concerns. Here is the chart showing the last year for the oil price, including plummeting in March when the extent of the coronavirus pandemic became clear, and the slow increase since then as demand recovered.
The North American benchmark, West Texas Intermediate futures, also fell in value by 4% on Monday morning to $47.04, a two-dollar decline.
Shell writes off another $3.5bn as oil industry struggles
Royal Dutch Shell has warned its shareholders that there is more financial pain to come as 2020 comes to a bitter end for the oil industry.
It plans to write down the value of its oil and gas assets by between $3.5bn to $4.5bn in the first final quarter of the year, and warned that trading results in its oil-products division will be “significantly lower compared with the third quarter”.
The Anglo-Dutch oil giant’s latest writedowns will bring the total impairments to $22bn for 2020, which has been one of the worst for major oil companies on record.
Shell’s FTSE-listed shares opened 4% lower on Monday morning at 1,325.80p, down from highs of over 2,300p a share in the first week of the year.
Updated
Sainsbury's: lettuce, broccoli and citrus fruit shortages possible
The supermarket Sainsbury’s has said the UK could soon face shortages of some fresh produce if the ports situation does not improve - but supplies for Christmas meals are already in stock.
Christmas products are already in the UK, meaning the disruption to ports traffic will not affect them, but lettuce, salad leaves, cauliflower, broccoli and citrus fruits will be in short supply if nothing changes, according to a statement reported by Reuters.
The supermarket also said it hoped the UK and French governments can come to an agreement that allows the immediate passage of food across the Channel.
In the meantime Sainsbury’s is looking at alternative modes of transport for food. Apart from France, other European port countries such as the Netherlands and Belgium have not banned lorry drivers from the UK, while containerised goods are for the most part unaffected.
It looks like the FTSE 100 selloff is settling somewhat, after a frenetic first hour of trading.
London’s blue-chips have now only lost 1.1% today, a 75-point decline - albeit still a steep slump for the Monday before Christmas.
Sterling is still down by 2% against the US dollar, however.
In case you were in any doubt as to the unusual situation, here’s another sign: the UK’s two-year government debt has just hit a record low yield, deeper than ever before into negative territory.
The yield decline was driven by investors snapping up government debt as a safe haven to protect against declines suffered in riskier assets - which this morning includes UK equities. Bond yields move inversely to price, so falling yields mean higher demand.
The lowest point reached by the two-year gilt yield was -0.161%. And remember, a negative rate means investors are effectively paying the UK government for the pleasure of borrowing - quite handy when you likely have more emergency measures to fund.
Here is the longish view of the two-year yield: note the massive slump in 2008 when the Bank of England started buying assets in earnest as part of its quantitative easing programme, and then the smaller but still significant slump into negative territory during 2020.
The yield on 10-year gilts fell more than six basis points to as low as 0.171%, its lowest since 11 December, Reuters reported. Comparable German government bonds fell by less.
Prime Minister Boris Johnson is due to chair a meeting of Cobra, the emergency committee, this morning, to discuss the ports disruption.
In the meantime, police have closed four junctions of the M20 in Kent to queue up lorries that have tried to go to Dover under Operation Stack. The Brexit contingency lorry park is not ready yet, so all of that traffic that might have expected to cross the Channel will have to park on the side of the motorway.
UPDATE
— KCC Highways (@KentHighways) December 21, 2020
OP STACK, M20, J8-J12 Coast bound.
The M20 is now closed between J8-J12 Coast bound due to Operation Stack being implemented. @Port_of_Dover/@TruckShuttle/@LeShuttle are closed due to travel restrictions leaving the UK: https://t.co/omAnTp9wdJ #OpStack #OperationStack pic.twitter.com/gjBOUNjR2M
Let’s get some reaction from economists and traders as to what the new strain of the virus means for the economy.
Lee Hardman, a London-based currency analyst at MUFG Bank, said the increased ease with which the new strain is transmitted “poses a serious challenge to government’s costly strategy to contain the spread of Covid.” He said:
It will increase pressure on the government to roll out vaccines to the old and vulnerable more quickly in a race against time. The new tougher restrictions will likely have to remain place until there has been greater vaccine rollout which could take months. At the current juncture, we are working on the assumption that vaccines will still prove effective against the new strain but it is not yet clear. As a result, the economic slowdown willprove deeper and extend further into nextyear. It will dampen optimism over a stronger economic recovery in 2021.
Negative interest rates could be tested by the Bank of England as it scrambles to find more ways of stimulating the economy, Hardman added.
Richard Hunter, head of markets at interactive investor, said the UK’s break from Europe is becoming “increasingly physical as well as conceptual”. The next few days - usually very thin in terms of trading activity - could be bumpy on financial markets, he said:
With some cases also being reported outside of the UK and with several countries suffering fresh spikes in cases and resorting to further lockdowns, the stark reminder is that until the vaccine rollout reaches a sufficient level, little can be done to defeat the virus.
Against this backdrop, investors are far less likely to commit fresh capital to the market, especially in the last few trading days of the year.
However, here is a dose of (very tempered) optimism from Paul Donovan, chief economist at UBS Global Wealth Management that it won’t be too much worse. He said:
Much of Europe has become cut off from the UK, following details of a new strain of the virus. The near-term economic effects of this are, perhaps, limited - inventories tend to be high at this time of the year, and the UK has imposed more restrictions on activity. However, this does signal a relatively high degree of fear, and it is fear of the virus that does the most economic damage.
Bucking the trend on London’s stock market this morning is Metro Bank, which gained as much as 22% (before moderating to a 7.8% gain) after investors priced in Friday’s announcement of a £3bn mortgage book sale to NatWest Group, the old RBS.
Also on the up are gold miners - a safe haven in times of trouble - such as Fresnillo, up 5% this morning. The yellow metal itself has gained 0.9% today to about $1,896 per troy ounce.
In Europe it’s travel and transport stocks that are also bearing the brunt of losses.
In Germany the Dax has lost 1.9%, while France’s Cac 40 is down 2.4% and Spain’s Ibex has lost 2.8%.
Airbus, the planemaker, has lost 4.8%, and Accor Hotels and French airports compayn ADP were also among the early losers.
Back on the London Stock Exchange Tui shares are down 6.6% while Carnival, the cruise ship company, has lost 9%.
It is looking like a pretty brutal selloff for the travel industry this morning, after a stream of nations banned people from the UK.
British Airways owner International Airlines Group is the biggest faller on the FTSE 100, down 16%, while jet engine manufacturer and maintainer Rolls-Royce is down 9%.
Banks, which are heavily exposed to the UK economy, are also big losers. Lloyds Banking Group, the largest high street lender, is down by 6%, and Barclays has lost 4.7%.
FTSE 100 falls 1.8% in opening minutes
London’s blue-chip stock index, the FTSE 100, has lost 1.8% in early trading, or 117 points, to hit 6,410 points.
The heavy losses come with Brexit talks in limbo, a ban on accompanied freight to France, and the emergence of a new strain of the coronavirus that the government spreads more easily, although with no observed effect on its deadliness.
UK will not extend Brexit transition period - transport minister
Grant Shapps, the UK’s transport secretary, has this morning insisted the UK will not ask to extend the Brexit transition period, despite chaos at UK ports and a new phase in the coronavirus crisis.
However, there will be “significant disruption” at Dover, he said on the morning broadcast round, via Reuters.
Supermarket supply chains are pretty robust, he said. Short-term disruption is not a specific problem, the issue is how long, he said.
Chaos expected at blocked UK ports and US to pass new stimulus bill
Good morning, and welcome to our live, rolling coverage of business, economics and financial markets.
It was certainly an eventful weekend. In the US political leaders finally agreed another round of fiscal stimulus measures, but the UK has endured arguably more dramatic events: the cancellation of Christmas bubbling plans, followed by the temporary ban from many countries on travellers from the UK.
While the travel bans have caused havoc for millions of Britons, the second-order effects are only just beginning. The threat of a new strain of the coronavirus was named as a key factor by Prime Minister Boris Johnson in effectively locking down London and large parts of the south east of England. That new strain - thought for now to spread more quickly, but not thought to be more deadly - prompted a number of countries to ban travel from the UK. In France’s case this included lorry drivers for at least 48 hours, meaning a large chunk of freight is unable to travel.
The port of Dover last night closed to all “accompanied traffic” - containers and trailers for pickup in France are still allowed to travel - and motorways in Kent will now be used to queue up lorries, an early test of the UK’s Brexit contingencies.
Meanwhile no visible progress on Brexit talks has been made, letting another supposedly concrete deadline slip by. There are 10 days until the UK is scheduled to move overnight to new trading rules.
Operation Stack is now being implemented between Junctions 8 and 11 of the M20 coastbound carriageway following the closures of the Port of Dover and Channel Tunnel. Keep following us and @HighwaysSEAST for updates.
— Kent Police (UK) (@kent_police) December 21, 2020
On financial markets traders the upshot has been that traders have dumped UK assets. The pound is down by 1.8% against the US dollar on Monday morning, at about $1.3272. Against the euro the pound is down by 1% at €1.0907.
Sterling hit by further lockdown and Brexit talks.#GBPUSD 1.3358 -1.27%#EURGBP 0.9124 +0.7%#GBPJPY 138.093 -1.2%#GBPAUD 1.7642 -0.58%#GBPEUR 1.09597 -0.69%#GBPNZD 1.8841 -0.56%#GBPCHF 1.183910 -0.9%#GBPCAD 1.7163 -0.76% pic.twitter.com/YhArmeZlvn
— IGSquawk (@IGSquawk) December 21, 2020
The FTSE 100, London’s blue-chip index, is due to fall heavily when stock markets open, as are other European indices. Futures at 7:30am GMT suggested the FTSE would lose 1.8%, while Germany’s Dax would lose 1.8% and France’s Dax would fall by 2.2%.
It is quite a contrast in likely sentiment on the other side of the Atlantic, after US politicians agreed another round of stimulus to fight the economic effects of the pandemic.
Votes on the $900bn (£666bn) stimulus package - the second largest in US history after the initial March aid - are expected on Monday.
Here is Reuters with some of the details of the bill:
The package would give $600 direct payments to individuals and boost unemployment payments by $300 a week. It also includes billions for small businesses, food assistance, vaccine distribution, transit and healthcare. It extends a moratorium on foreclosures and provides $25 billion in rental aid.