New figures from the Australian Bureau of Statistics reveal just how much an average Australian earns. Being “rich” might not see you living like a Kardashian, but we need to acknowledge that earning more than 90% of people puts you in the top 10%, and that much of the tax system is geared to benefit you.

Asking who is rich is a question that can send shivers down the spines of politicians.

I’ve encountered more than a few progressives who are at pains to protest that they are not rich despite being on a very good wicket. They immediately reel off their CV of working-class roots as though they are worried someone is about to accuse them they came from Greece with a thirst for knowledge.

There is far too much preciousness about wealth and income – and it benefits those who are doing a lot better than they would like you to know.

Australia does not have an official poverty line, and so we rely only on the 1972 definition of the Henderson Poverty Line, which is not comparable to international measures.

Even given that, a single person on jobseeker is living about 40% below the poverty line.

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That isn’t something that perturbs the government too much, and certainly not more than it did suggestions of affecting the wealth of the 80,000 Australians with more than $3m in superannuation.

The way we talk about wealth and high incomes is so skewed, that for example the government’s own advice on superannuation refers to the ASFA line that a “comfortable retirement” involves being able to have:

• Top level private health insurance

• Fast reliable NBN

• A computer and smartphone with good data allowance/streaming services

• A reasonable car

• Regular leisure activities including club membership, cinema visits, and exhibitions

• Confidence to use air conditioning in the home and afford all utilities

• Occasional restaurant meals

• An annual domestic trip to visit family, and

• One overseas trip every seven years.

For most, that is not comfortable, that is a dream.

It’s why we have a system where each year the richest 10% get nearly $22bn a year in tax breaks to use superannuation – nearly double the $12.2bn the government spends funding public schools and $5bn more than the $16.9bn spent on jobseeker.

So lets not let those who want to keep feathering their very plush nests get away with pretending that they are doing it hard scrabble.

A few years ago Anthony Albanese was quick to argue that being on $200,000 a year did not make you rich. It was a very silly statement then and remains silly now.

The Bureau of Statistics’ recent annual characteristics of employment survey reveals just how much Australians earn.

As always, we need to be careful with terminology. Average (more technically known as the mean) is not the same as median. If you hear someone talk about average earnings, just realise that is more than what most Australia earn.

Median is the halfway point – half earn more, half earn less.

We also need to be careful if someone is talking about average full-time earnings, as opposed to total earnings, and also whether they are talking about men, who as a rule earn more than women.

For ease of understanding I have converted all figures to annual rather than weekly earnings.

This year the average annual male full-time earnings is $111,592, well above the overall median earnings for all workers of $74,100:

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If you earned more than $156,000 you earned more than 90% of Australians, and if you earned $176,930 you earned more than 90% of Australians working full-time:

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It’s worth noting that the current full-time minimum wage of $49,296 puts you in the bottom 10% of full-time earners, and the jobseeker rate, which is equivalent to annual earnings of $20,634, has you well in the bottom 10% of all earnings.

So, let’s dispense with the bullshit that such amounts in any way discourage people from wanting to work or are too high to run a business.

Even in New South Wales earning $200,000 puts you well in the top 10%:

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But don’t call them rich, they might get sad.

We also know age and gender plays a big role. Most men in their late 30s to late 50s earn about $100,000 a year, while a majority of women never earn more than $80,000:

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The figures highlight that having children hurts women’s earnings much more than men’s. In their early 20s, women actually have higher median full-time earnings than men, but the gap widens in the mid-30s and never closes – even for full-time workers:

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One of the best things about these annual figures is it allows us to also compare the median earnings in each state with the median house price.

The picture across most states is one of despair for how things were even just five years ago, let alone 20 or more:

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In just five years the value of a median prices house in Sydney has gone from 12.8 times the median annual full-time earnings to 16.1 times.

Housing affordability is a major reason why those in the top 10% do not feel “rich”. And that might be fair.

But while it might be harder for someone on $200,000 or even just in the top 10% to afford a house and allow you to feel rich or wealthy, let us not mistake that difficulty for the plight of the vast majority for whom inequality means actual hardship.

And never let it mean we keep handing the richest tax breaks while saying we can’t afford to lift people out of poverty.

• Greg Jericho is a Guardian columnist and chief economist of the Australia Institute