Summary
That’s it is from us for tonight.
Here is the start of our main website story about the budget.
Philip Hammond claimed that “austerity is coming to an end” as he took advantage of better-than-expected tax revenues to promise a £30bn boost in public spending by 2024.
The chancellor used a 71-minute budget speech to announce immediate short-term increases in spending on universal credit, defence and equipment for schools.
Hammond also promised to introduce a special tax on Amazon, Facebook and other digital giants in April 2020 raising £400m a year although he warned that if the Brexit talks collapsed he would have to hold an emergency budget in the spring.
But the chancellor was immediately criticised by Labour’s Jeremy Corbyn, who accused him of presiding over “half measures and quick fixes while austerity grinds on”.
And here is the main story.
Here are verdicts on the budget from a Guardian panel: Gaby Hinsliff, Katy Balls, Faiza Shaheen, Caroline Lucas, and Vicky Pryce.
And, finally, this is what Torsten Bell, director of the Resolution Foundation, says about the budget.
In today’s budget, the chancellor has significantly eased – but not ended – austerity for public services. However, tough times are far from over.
The chancellor has set out plans to spend almost all of a very significant fiscal windfall on extra spending for the NHS, bringing to a close the era of falling overall public service spending. But unprotected departments are still on course for spending cuts into the 2020s – averaging 3% between 2019 and 2023.
The chancellor has also delivered a welcome boost to families on universal credit worth £630 a year. This will mean that the government’s flagship welfare reform is now more generous than the benefit system that it is replacing. While today’s reforms certainly won’t end all the problems some recipients have faced with universal credit, they should ease the rollout in the months and years ahead.
Tomorrow the Resolution Foundation and the Institute for Fiscal Studies will both be publishing detailed assessments of the budget.
Which we will, of course, be covering in full ...
Thanks for the comments.
Britain’s wine drinkers might feel a little bitter tonight; wine duty is going up, while other ‘sin taxes’ are frozen.
Daniel Lyons, Head of Tax Policy at Deloitte, explains:
“Wine drinkers will be disappointed to note that the duty on their preferred tipple will increase by 8p per bottle (effective 1 February 2019), whereas drinkers of beer, ciders and spirits will benefit from the freeze.”
But Jon Ostler, UK CEO of Finder.com, points out that beer drinkers are already taxed pretty highly:
“Most Brits will be pleased to see the freeze on duty to pints of beer, cider and spirits. There is an argument that an increase in tax could have raised more funds for other causes, but there is also no denying that we currently pay more than most countries for a local pint.
Our research of the most populated cities from each country in the world found that a London pint costs 82 percent more than the global average and was the 22nd most expensive city.”
This is from ITV’s Robert Peston.
By the way, the accelerated increase in personal tax allowances - for zero-tax and top rate - has a smell of planning (insurance) for a possible Brexit-crisis snap election. Absolutely no reason in normal electoral cycle to do now #Budget2018 https://t.co/qqB2xSFEiX
— Robert Peston (@Peston) October 29, 2018
This backs up the chatter we picked up earlier. (See 6.13pm.)
Here is the budget in five charts.
Robert Chote, the head of the OBR, has told Sky News that Theresa May spent most of Philip Hammond’s windfall four months ago.
OBR's Robert Chote on @skynews now: "Chancellor was given a relatively large fiscal windfall. He had a choice: whether to save this money or spent it. And he's spent it. In effect the PM spent it in June with her NHS pledge"
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
Not the first time, of course. Back in 2000, Gordon Brown famously effed and blinded at Tony Blair after the PM announced a £12bn boost for the NHS on Sunday morning TV.
Here is Alison Garnham, chief executive of the Child Poverty Action Group, on the budget.
The work allowance increase is unequivocally good news for families receiving universal credit but a bigger salvage operation is still needed for the benefit. And bringing forward higher tax allowances – which will cost much more than the universal credit change – will mainly benefit the richest half of the population. We look forward to hearing more detail on how the secretary of state will use the extra £1bn to ease the migration of people on existing benefits to universal credit.
This is crunch time for universal credit. We hope the chancellor’s positive announcements on work allowances will be followed by a pause in the roll-out to allow for a fundamental review of its design and, crucially, for a commitment to restoring all the money that’s been taken out of universal credit.
Budget fails to deliver for Scotland, says SNP
Here is Derek Mackay, the Scottish government’s finance secretary, on the budget.
According to this budget, the Scottish government’s resource block grant from the UK government – the money we are able to invest in day to day public services - remains almost £2bn lower next year compared with 2010-11. This budget falls a long way short of delivering for Scotland.
The changes announced to universal credit do not go far enough. They are just a drop in the ocean compared to the impact the roll-out of universal credit will have. I continue to call for the roll-out of universal credit to be halted – and halted straight away.
Women protesting against changes to their pensions shouted “shame” and jeered from the public gallery as Philip Hammond delivered his budget speech. As the Press Association reports, a crowd of 80 members of the Women Against the State Pension Inequality (Waspi) group waved banners and chanted in protest at the government’s previous decision to raise the state pension age from 60 to 66. Some 3.9m women have been affected by the changes and the Waspi group has made several high-profile protests including blocking a road outside parliament earlier this month.
The SNP has been particularly supportive of the Waspi women’s case and several SNP MPs tweeted supportive pictures or video.
Well done @WASPI_Campaign @WASPIint making their voice heard at #Budget18 💪 pic.twitter.com/EDLhFzoMF4
— Hannah Bardell (@HannahB4LiviMP) October 29, 2018
Brilliant to see the #WASPI women in the gallery. No #Budget2018 announcement for them but their fight for justice continues. pic.twitter.com/PSxoGLaony
— Carol Monaghan MP 🏴 (@CMonaghanSNP) October 29, 2018
Palpable anger in the public gallery by #WASPI women and supporters as the Chancellor fails them once again. They certainly made it a lot harder for him to ignore them this year!
— Mhairi Black MP (@MhairiBlack) October 29, 2018
When will he learn that #WASPI women will not give up. pic.twitter.com/iJni1OzGux
Headteachers: Budget treats schools with contempt
Britain’s headteachers have awarded the budget a D-minus, and sounds like they would happily put the Treasury into special measures.
Our education correspondent Sally Weale explains
The chancellor’s £400m one-off bonus to pay for the “little extras” that schools might need has gone down like a lead balloon with school leaders, teachers and parents. They expressed fury, not only at the scale of the offer, which they say will do nothing to reverse the impact of years of real terms cuts to school budgets, but at Philip Hammond’s tone which they describe as “deeply insulting”.
“The little extras - like teaching staff, support workers, teaching assistants, text books, PE equipment, exercise books, printing, upkeep costs for schools, maintenance, etc etc etc,” said one head teacher.
“Unbelievable,” said another, “that he can describe it as ‘helping with the little extras’. He is clearly not listening or understanding.”
Jules White, head teacher of Tanbridge House School in West Sussex and leader of the Worth Less? campaign for fair funding said ministers underestimated the depth of feeling and anger in the profession.
“We are sick of our schools and families being treated with contempt. Parents won’t forgive what’s happening to their children’s schools today and ‘jam tomorrow’ won’t wash.
I believe that it is highly unlikely that head teachers will accept this abysmal state of affairs. Enough is enough.”
This is from our colleague Heather Stewart.
Asked Treasury spox why it is more of a priority to bring forward increasing the higher-rate tax threshold, than to unfreeze working-age benefits, which will continue until 2020. Reflects a “balanced approach,” apparently.
— Heather Stewart (@GuardianHeather) October 29, 2018
Small print alert: Universal credit roll-out slowed
The budget red book says that the roll-out of universal credit is now scheduled to end in December 2023. It says:
In response to feedback on universal credit, the implementation schedule has been updated: it will begin in July 2019, as planned, but will end in December 2023.
But until recently, as this House of Commons library briefing (pdf) reveals, the roll-out was due to end in March 2023.
Don’t tell Brenda from Bristol, but there’s some chatter in the City tonight that Philip Hammond may have been paving the way for an early general election.
Jonathan Riley, head of tax at accountancy group Grant Thornton UK, suspects the extra money universal credit and the NHS, and the personal tax allowance changes, will all appeal to ‘swing voters’.
Riley adds:
“The big announcement related to the bringing forward of the increase in the personal tax allowance – to £12,500 – in April 2019 – a year earlier than expected. This, together with other measures, will see the average family being around £1,000 a year better off, a measure that will be welcomed by many following sluggish wage growth. Furthermore, if there is a downturn after Brexit, it might keep the tills ringing and prop up consumer confidence.
“This Budget leaves all options open – including the prospect of an election before the end of March 2019. It deals with current challenges and leaves the door open to the main event – the fundamental spending review – next April.”
'Austerity needs to end because it has failed', says Corbyn
Jeremy Corbyn criticised Philip Hammond for delivering a “broken promise Budget” as he insisted austerity needs to end because it has failed. As the Press Association reports, the Labour leader said eight years of austerity has “damaged our economy” and delayed the recovery, adding the government has not abandoned the policy despite the chancellor’s latest spending pledges. The PA story goes on:
Leading the response to the budget, Corbyn also said the proposals announced will “not undo the damage done” by the squeeze on spending.
He told the Commons: “The prime minister pledged austerity was over - this is a broken promise budget.
“What we’ve heard today are half measures and quick fixes while austerity grinds on.
“And far from people’s hard work and sacrifices having paid off, as the chancellor claims, this government has frittered it away in ideological tax cuts to the richest in our society.”
Corbyn added: “The government claims austerity has worked so now they can end it.
“That is absolutely the opposite of the truth - austerity needs to end because it has failed.”
Corbyn later said the “precious” NHS is a “thermometer of the wellbeing of our society”, adding: “But the illness is austerity - cuts to social care, failure to invest in housing and slashing of real social security.
“It has one inevitable consequence - people’s health has got worse and demands on the National Health Service have increased.”
Corbyn also condemned the “horrific and vile antisemitic and racist attack” in Pittsburgh, noting: “We stand together with those under threat from the far-right, wherever it may be, anywhere on this planet.”
The Labour leader criticised pay levels for public sector workers, adding: “Every public sector worker deserves a decent pay rise, but 60% of teachers are not getting it - neither are the police nor the Government’s own civil service workers.”
The economy is also being damaged by a “shambolic Brexit”, Corbyn added.
The budget appeared to contain some genuine good news for lower-paid workers -- the National Living Wage will rise by 4.9% in April 2019, from £7.83 to £8.21 per hour.
Philip Hammond also spoke earnestly about his ambition to end low-pay in the UK.
He didn’t give details, but the OBR suggests this could mean setting the NLW (the minimum wage for over 25s) at two-thirds of median earnings [the current goal is 60% of median earnings by 2020].
But if so, the OBR says this could drive up the jobless rate by 0.4% and put 140,000 people out of work.
This, from the Resolution Foundation, explains the impact of increasing universal credit work allowances by £1,000.
Here's what we assess the impact of the £1,000 rise to be for a range of families #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/Pv7o7AcwDl
— ResolutionFoundation (@resfoundation) October 29, 2018
Small print alert: OBR says short-term consequences of no deal Brexit would be 'severe'
Officially the government says that, if the UK had to leave the EU with no deal, it could manage. But the Office for Budget Responsibility is much less sanguine. It says:
A disorderly one could have severe short-term implications for the economy, the exchange rate, asset prices and the public finances. The scale would be very hard to predict, given the lack of precedent.
OBR roasts Treasury over budget tardiness
It takes a lot to ruffle the Office for Budget Responsibility.
And the Treasury seem to have managed it, by dumping a lot of important budget information on the OBR at the last minute.
The fiscal watchdog says the forecast process for this Economic and Fiscal outlook was “unusually challenging”, which is Whitehall speak for ‘an absolute bloody nightmare’.
Apparently, the Treasury repeatedly failed to observe the timetable agreed with the OBR. They only handed over the final Budget policy measures on 25 October, a day late. The precise changes to universal credit came too late for the OBR to assess them properly.
Does it matter:? Yes, it means the OBR hasn’t been able to check that the government’s sums actually add up.
Experience warns that mistakes are inevitable when such changes are estimated in haste late in a Budget process – this was certainly true following the Summer Budget 2015 welfare cuts.
So, in the absence of a certified estimate of the cost of the package, we have incorporated the Government’s estimates but warn that these are very likely to change once DWP analysts have been able to model their effects proper
Never make the @OBR_UK angry... pic.twitter.com/SRS064LhSO
— Chris Morris (@BBCChrisMorris) October 29, 2018
Small print alert: Many departments likely to face spending cuts
The Resolution Foundation’s Matt Whittaker is highlighting this chart in the OBR report which suggests that most departments will face spending cuts in the years to come.
RDEL is resource departmental expenditure limit - how much departments are allowed to spend on planned day-to-day spending.
Key chart in the OBR doc. Overall, real-terms RDEL per capita set to rise over the coming years. But stripping NHS spending out, the line is basically flat (blue line in chart). Once we've accounted for defence and aid protections, that probably means more cuts for other depts pic.twitter.com/XTh0MURUGc
— Matt Whittaker (@MattWhittakerRF) October 29, 2018
The Treasury publishes a paper on the distributional impact of the budget. But the main charts show the impact of all decisions since autumn 2016/ That means they don’t take into account the welfare cuts worth £12bn announced in 2015, and they don’t show the impact of today’s decision in isolation.
Using this measure, which also takes into account spending on public services, and looking at the impact on household income in relative terms (not in cash terms), the measures have been progressive.
Small print alert: Departmental capital spending slashed
The government has quietly slashed the money set aside for departmental capital spending in the coming years.
The Office for Budget Responsibility has spotted this, though, and says:
Departmental capital spending has also been cut from 2019-20 onwards, a decision that does not appear on the Treasury’s scorecard of policy measures.
According to the OBR, the capital spending budget has been cut by £7bn per year in 2020-21, and by over £2bn per year on average from that date.
Labour MP Chris Leslie says Brexit is to blame:
The incredible shrinking Budget: business investment revised down; exports looking poor and capital spending cut from next year onwards. The #Brexit effect.
— Chris Leslie (@ChrisLeslieMP) October 29, 2018
The most important section of the budget red book (pdf) is the scorecard - the bit that tells you how much policy decisions will actually cost in years ahead (listed as spend, and a negative number) and how much they will save the exchequer (listed as tax, and a positive number). This is the chart that shows if decisions that were made to sound significant in the budget speech are actually rather minor in hard cash terms, or vice versa.
Here are the charts.
https://obr.uk/download/economic-and-fiscal-outlook-october-2018/
Updated
Small print alert: Biggest giveaway budget since the OBR was created
The spending commitments announced in today’s budget are the “largest discretionary fiscal loosening” since at least 2010, when the OBR was created.
There are plenty of giveaways, including:
raising the income tax personal allowance to £12,500, increasing the generosity of universal credit and the traditional one-year freeze in fuel duty rates. Public services spending outside health also gets a boost rising to £3.2 billion by 2022-23, so that it no longer falls in real terms over the forecast.
The main takeaways include:
...a new tax on large digital businesses, a tightening of rules on people who work through their own company, the reversal of the 2016 decision to abolish Class 2 National Insurance contributions for the self-employed and the restriction of the NICs employment allowance to small businesses.
The overall effect of the Budget measures is to increase the deficit by £1.1 billion this year and £10.9 billion next year, rising to £23.2 billion in 2023-24.
Sounding thoroughly weary, the OBR says the budget has:
...the familiar Augustinian* pattern of a near-term giveaway followed by a longer-term takeaway
[* “Grant me chastity, continence and a balanced budget, but not yet”, to misquote St Augustine of Hippo].
Here is the page on the Treasury website with links to the budget documents.
Here is the budget red book (pdf) - the main budget document.
And here is the Office for Budget Responsibility’s report (pdf).
My colleague Lisa O’Carroll says the amount of money announced to replicate the work of the European Investment Bank sounds inadequate.
Hammond announces £200m, if needed, to replace European Investment Bank (low cost borrowing for govts across EU for infrastructure etc)
— lisa o'carroll (@lisaocarroll) October 29, 2018
Last year EIB lent £2.143 billion to the UK. See graphic. pic.twitter.com/WCE9AM3r6I
The Office for Budget Responsibility says the UK could have achieved a balanced budget by the middle of the next parliament.... but instead the fiscal windfall has been spent, largely addressing the NHS’s funding crisis.
Here’s the key line:
At first glance the outlook for the public finances in the medium term looks much the same as it did in March. But this masks a significant improvement in the underlying pace of deficit reduction, that on its own would have put the Government on course to achieve its objective of a balanced budget for the first time.
As it happens, this underlying improvement had already been swallowed up by the Prime Minister’s promise of higher spending on the NHS made in June. The remaining Budget policy measures are a further near-term giveaway that gradually diminishes over the forecast, leaving the deficit in 2022-23 little changed overall.
Updated
OBR: Government spends fiscal windfall
The Office for Budget Responsibility has published its official verdict.
And it states bluntly that the Government has spent its fiscal windfall, leaving the public finances no stronger than before.
The OBR says:
Buoyant tax receipts and an improved outlook for employment have delivered the Government a significant fiscal windfall since March, sufficient to deliver its objective of a balanced budget by 2025.
But this had already been swallowed up by the Prime Minister’s promise of more money for the NHS in June, to which the Chancellor has added a further near-term tax and spending giveaway. This leaves the medium-term outlook for government borrowing little changed since March.
The OBR also confirms that the government is on track to miss its fiscal object of balancing the budget in the medium term.
Budget - Snap politics verdict
Budget - Snap politics verdict: Brexit Britain, global home of the toilet joke. Philip Hammond probably set a new low for budget humour in that speech, and in at least two passages - public conveniences, and rubbish collection - miniscule policy announcements seemed to be there for the sole purpose of providing a platform for a gag. That was indicative of a speech that seemed overlong, too focused on the relatively parochial (pot holes, air ambulances, fire damage in Belfast?) and desperately short of big vision “ambition”. But in the circumstances, and given the constraints imposed by Brexit, who was expecting anything else? The Office for Budget Responsibility has helped Hammond immensely, and the borrowing forecasts are better than was expected earlier in the year. The chancellor was able to conclude with a standard Tory tax cut (it will be interesting to see what the impact analysis says about who gains the most - probably the relatively well off), but what was more interesting was the Labourish measures announced earlier: using higher-than-expected revenues to increase spending, not run a surplus; ending the use of PFI; a new tax on tech giants (albeit quite small); a duty freeze for beer drinkers but not wine drinkers; and injecting a serious sum of money into making universal credit more generous, undoing some of the damage caused by George Osborne. We will need to study the red book small print to work out quite how significant these Corbynish strains of policy are, but the fact that Hammond feels the need to tack in this direction show that Labour is pressing some of the right buttons.
Updated
Snap economic reaction: Hammond tucks into his windfall
At first glance, Hammond seems to have grasped the windfall created by the Office for Budget Responsibility’s new forecasts, and spent it.
If the OBR are right, Britain will run a deficit of £19.8bn in 2023-24. That’s hardly consistent with last year’s manifesto commitment to a ‘balanced budget by the middle of the next decade’.
Remember that Osborne forecast to balance the books by 2015? Debt will still be rising in cash terms in 2023-4 with Hammond expecting to borrow £19.8bn that year
— Kevin Maguire (@Kevin_Maguire) October 29, 2018
If Hammond was really serious about balancing the books, he wouldn’t have brought forward the rises in income tax allowances, and he wouldn’t have frozen fuel duty.
9th year of freezing fuel duties. Very expensive indeed. Here's a picture of the absurd way in which this is announced each year but never built in for the future pic.twitter.com/2HdLha04MV
— Paul Johnson (@PJTheEconomist) October 29, 2018
Those new growth forecasts are better than March’s, but there is plenty of room for improvement. Growth of 1.6%, or less, over the next five years is alarmingly weak — before the financial crisis, it was steadily over 2%.
The digital services tax is a headline-grabber, but it may not cause much alarm in Silicon Valley on its own. It may not even happen on its own, if the government can actually get a global agreement.
The Digital Services Tax meant to show UK "serious" about business tax reform. But exceptions and clarifications suggest govt wants to raise £ only from big unpopular tech firms, leaving consumers & anything popular & tech-related alone. Not sure experts wd call that serious.
— Stephanie Flanders (@MyStephanomics) October 29, 2018
Updated
Jeremy Corbyn, the Labour leader, will respond for the opposition shortly.
We will post highlights from his speech after he has finished.
Hammond says we are at a turning point.
We must build a Britain we can be proud of, he says.
And that’s it.
Hammond to meet Tory manifesto promise on income tax cuts one year early
Hammond says he raised the basic rate tax threshold to £11,850 in April. And the higher rate went up to £46,350.
He says people have urged him to abandon the Tory manifesto commitment, and freeze rates where they are.
But he did not come into politics to put taxes up, he says.
He says he will meet the Tory manifesto commitments in April 2020. After that they will be indexed, he says.
- Hammond says basic rate tax threshold will rise to £12,500 and the higher rate to £50,000 from April 2015. That is an effective tax cut.
Chancellor: Raising the Personal Allowance to £12,500 pic.twitter.com/E7YZRmb9TE
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
Chancellor: Raising the Higher Rate Threshold to £50,000 [from April 2019] #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/PlM4tj6ZlX
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
Hammond turns to the national living wage.
He says the government wants to end low pay.
So it will engage responsibly when making recommendations to the Low Pay Commission, he says.
He will confirm the final remit next year, he says.
“You won’t be here,” an opposition MP says.
Hammond says the MP, a woman, first made that point in 2016.
Hammond spends £1.7bn making universal credit more generous
Hammond says the switch to universal credit is a long overdue and necessary reform.
It replaces the broken system left by Labour, he says.
He says UC is not just a welfare measure, but a major structural reform that will grow growth in the years to come.
But he recognises the concerns about two issues, he says.
On the implementation of this programme, he says it is an enormous undertaking.
He says he has already announced measures to help with the transition.
- Hammond announces an extra £1bn for universal credit over five years to fund extra protections for claimants moving over to UC.
He says he has heard the concerns about the rate and allowance in the system.
- Work allowances in UC being increased by £1,000, at a cost of £1.7bn. (Work allowances are what people can earn before they start to lose benefit.)
Updated
Coffee companies and fast food chains will be relieved that the government isn’t clamping down on chuck-away cups, even though plastic is now turning up inside our own bodies....
No disposable coffee cup tax then. Hammond says tax in isolation would not deliver decisive shift to reusable cups #budget2018
— Adam Vaughan (@adamvaughan_uk) October 29, 2018
No tax on disposable plastic cups. Leaves it to the "takeaway drinks industry" at the moment, while keeping an eye on the situation. Massive sigh of relief from Costa, et al #Budget2018
— David Byers (@davidbyers26) October 29, 2018
Duty on beer, cider and spirits - but not wine - frozen for a year, Hammond says
Hammond says many people are feeling pressure on the budgets now.
So he can announce measures now to help them.
- Hammond confirms fuel duties being frozen for the ninth year in a row.
Chancellor…we will freeze fuel duties for the ninth successive year…
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
…bringing the total saving to the average car driver to over £1,000…
…and to the average van driver to over £2,500… ❄️⛽️ #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/K0ptexq85Q
- Duty on beer, cider and spirits frozen for a year, Hammond says. But the duty on wine will not be frozen, and the duty on white ciders will go up.
Hammond announces new tax on plastic packaging containing less than 30% recyclable plastic. That will change the dynamics of recycling, he says.
He says he has looked at the case for a tax on plastic cups. He is not convinced it would affect behaviour, he says. But he says he will return to this issue if more progress is not made.
Hammond says he is setting out measures in the red book to improve the environment.
John McDonnell’s recent accident (he fell over some rubbish) showed how dangerous rubbish can be. So he will allocated £10m for waste disposal.
Hammond says tax rates for the oil and gas industries will stay at the same level.
And the government will spend £12m on new technology for the fishing industry, he says.
Hammond says he was pleased to respond to a joint request from three Belfast MPs for more money for the city, to help it recover from a fire.
Conservative MP Andrea Jenkyns likes the sound of the budget - and wants constituents to get in touch with any potholes on their road:
Small independent business are to have their business rates cut by a third. This is great news for #Morley High street. #Budget2018
— Andrea Jenkyns MP #StandUp4Brexit (@andreajenkyns) October 29, 2018
Great to hear in the #budget that there will be an additional £420m to fix potholes across the country. You can report them via my dedicated WhatsApp ‘Pothole patrol’ number: 07838339411 #Morley #Outwood
— Andrea Jenkyns MP #StandUp4Brexit (@andreajenkyns) October 29, 2018
A Cones Hotline for the 21st Century?....
Hammond now lists the Barnett consequentials - what Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland will get.
Hammond now rattles of a list of minor spending announcements, ending with extra money for the Docklands Light Railway.
Hammond says he is publishing the Oliver Letwin report on housing developers.
It concludes developers are not engaged in land banking, he says.
Hammond says the number of first time buyers is at an 11-year high.
- Hammond announces £500m for housing infrastructure fund.
“A further £500m for the Housing Infrastructure Fund, to unlock 650,000 homes.” 🏗️🏠 #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/9guRSohNl0
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
He says he will empower up to 500 neighbourhoods to buy land for housing for sale to local people in perpetuity.
Hammond announces a business rate relief for public lavatories. For the convenience of the House, he says. He does not want to get “bogged down”, he says.
As MPs object to his jokes, he says at least he is proving he is British.
At least this is the only announcement that has not leaked, he says.
Hammond’s digital services tax sounds like it should snare Facebook and Amazon while allowing smaller UK e-retailers to swim through the, err, net.
If it works, it will bring in enough money to fund the chancellor’s potholes repair bill.
Financial Times editor Lionel Barber is excited:
Breaking BIG budget news - Hammond says govt will introduce a Digital services Tax in April 2020 aimed at tech giants (NOT an online sales tax) #tax #clegg
— Lionel Barber (@lionelbarber) October 29, 2018
But the precise details are crucial, as our technology writer Alex Hern explains:
I will be EXTREMELY interested to see how this digital services tax is scoped. "A narrowly targeted tax on the UK-generated revenues of specific digital platform business models… targeted to tech giants, rather than small UK startups."
— alex hern (@alexhern) October 29, 2018
Even just going by that short précis, this is a tax that Amazon wouldn't have paid in 2014.
— alex hern (@alexhern) October 29, 2018
The nice thing is that £400m raised from taxing (basically) advertising sales is pretty unlikely to be passed on to consumers.
— alex hern (@alexhern) October 29, 2018
Updated
Hammond says technological change will bring challenges and opportunities.
High streets are confronting that challenge in spades.
Britain adopts online shopping with more alacrity than any other major economy, he says.
He says he will consult on how modernisation of planning rules can facilitate the transformation of the high street.
He says he has already introduced business rates relief measures worth £12bn.
At the next revaluation, in 2021, there will be a re-adjustment. But business rates will be cut by one third for firms with a rateable value of less than £51,000.
He says he will also extend the local newspaper discount.
Updated
Hammond says Labour talks tough on tax avoidance and evasion. The government takes action, he says.
Hammond announces new digital services tax, to raise £400m
Hammond turns to the taxation of tech giants.
It is not fair that they can generate substantial value in the UK without paying much tax, he says.
A new global agreement would be best. But progress towards one has been “painfully slow”.
- Hammond announces UK digital services tax.
It will be carefully targeted. Only tech giants will pay, he says. It will not affect start-ups.
He say it will not be a tax on all sales. It will only be paid by firms that generate £500m in revenue.
- The next tax will come into effect in April 2020 and will raise £400m a year, he says.
He says, if a global alternative comes in, he may abandon his plan and stick with that instead.
He says he is already looking forward to his call about this from Nick Clegg (who has taken a job working for Facebook.)
“We will now introduce a UK Digital Services Tax.
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
...It will be carefully designed to ensure it is established tech giants – rather than our tech start-ups - that shoulder the burden of this new tax.” #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/h2hKxMrO1Y
Refusing to sign any more PFI deals is a good headline - and probably popular, given the mess created by the collapse of Carillion in January.
Former Treasury advisor Rupert Harrison points out that it’s also an easy win for Hammond.
Clever win on not signing off any PFI schemes - there aren't any in the pipeline anyway since we got rid of the dodgy accounting incentive!
— Rupert Harrison (@rbrharrison) October 29, 2018
Hammond says he will extend the rules on IR35 to the private sector, but delay the changes until April 2020, and only apply them to large and medium-sized businesses.
Hammond says he wants to keep private homes out of capital gains tax.
But in some cases this is being abused, and so he will change the rules with regard to lettings.
He says he has been encouraged to scrap entrepreneurs’ relief.
He won’t, he says. But he will extend the qualifying period from 12 months to two years.
Labour’s shadow foreign secretary is unimpressed that potholes are getting more money than pupils:
Amongst all the distracting slogans & talk of poaching rabbits, think I've just heard the Chancellor announce a bigger lump sum for fixing potholes than for schools. #Budget2018
— Emily Thornberry (@EmilyThornberry) October 29, 2018
Hammond announces £695m initiative to help small firms hire apprentices
Hammond says, for smaller firms taking apprenticeships, the amount they will have to pay will be halved.
- Hammond announces £695m initiative to help small firms hire apprentices.
This is from the Resolution Foundation’s Matt Whittaker.
Summary so far (I think):
— Matt Whittaker (@MattWhittakerRF) October 29, 2018
Economic projection little changed, but a big public finance upgrade from OBR. He's choosing to spend all the upgrade, but leaving borrowing broadly unchanged. And if he gets another upgrade one we have a Brexit deal, he'll spend that too
Labour: Hammond has broken ministerial code
A row is brewing....the Labour Party whips have tweeted that Philip Hammond has ‘broken the ministerial code’ by not giving the opposition any advanced sight of the budget speech.
Chancellor of the Exchequer clearly so concerned about his budget statement falling apart that he’s broken the ministerial code by failing to provide even a heavily redacted version as required pic.twitter.com/o7wxxMJOC0
— Labour Whips (@labourwhips) October 29, 2018
Responding to the budget speech is already one of the hardest tasks in the chamber. This won’t make Jeremy Corbyn’s task any easier.
Hammond says visitors from the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Japan will be able to use the gates at Heathrow for EEA citizens with smart passports.
Hammond says he is increasing the annual investment allowance.
Chancellor: Our air ambulance services work tirelessly to get those with life-threatening illnesses and injuries to the expert medical care they need…
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
…and I am making £10m of funding available to help them to go on doing so. #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/dn5oTBlIRl
Hammond rules out government signing any more PFI contracts
Hammond says there is compelling evidence that the private finance initiative is flawed.
John McDonnell criticises it. But 90% of those contracts were signed by Labour, he says.
He says this would have been the most potent symbol of Labour’s mismanagement if it had not been for Gordon Brown selling the gold.
He says terminating the contracts, as Labour proposes, would trigger penalty clauses, making it even more expensive.
So he will not do that, he says.
But he says the days of the public sector being a soft touch are over.
- Hammond says he has never signed a PFI contract and he rules out ever doing so in future.
He says McDonnell lists fomenting the overthrow of capitalism as his pastime. He says his is reinvigorating it.
Hammond says Britain can lead the world as we exploit a new wave of scientific discovery.
We can solve the productivity challenge if we embrace the future, he says.
He says the details will be in the red book. In the past he set out too much detail, he says.
But he says the list includes £1.6bn in new investments for the modern industrial strategy, and £150m for fellowships to attract the brightest talent to this world.
Total public investment will be £460m a week higher in real terms than under Labour, he says.
The new £650m funding for social care is desperately needed - it’s an area that politicians have failed to tackle properly for years.
Side note: social care for the elderly is surely the worst, most depressing example of British politics’ complete failure to deal with longterm challenges.
— Heather Stewart (@GuardianHeather) October 29, 2018
Interesting: Hammond says he recognises challenges to police funding - and Sajid Javid will “review police spending power and future options,” in December.
— Heather Stewart (@GuardianHeather) October 29, 2018
This is from Paul Johnson, director of the IFS.
Employment and unemployment numbers shown here are great news. Growth forecasts emphatically are not. https://t.co/yASF5hYMwz
— Paul Johnson (@PJTheEconomist) October 29, 2018
- Hammond says £420m being made available immediately to help council tackle pot holes.
- Hammond announces £400m fund to help schools buy the extras that they need.
“Today I am announcing a £400m in-year bonus to help our schools buy the little extras they need…
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
…a one-off capital payment directly to schools…
… averaging £10,000 per primary school and £50,000 per Secondary School.” pic.twitter.com/SvOmsFpuDX
- Hammond announces £10m of funding for air ambulance services.
Hammond says many projects raise money for veterans’ charities. VAT is charged on these sales. VAT cannot be waived. But the Treasury can make a donation with this money.
- Hammond says Treasury will donate £10m to help veterans with mental health needs.
Marking the centenary of the First World War this year the Chancellor makes a number of commitments in commemoration, including "£10m to the Armed Forces Covenant Fund Trust to support veterans with mental health needs." #Budget2018 #WW1 pic.twitter.com/EUiWQ7amrA
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
- Hammond announced £1.7m to be spent educating schools about the liberation of the Belsen-Bergen concentration camp.
Hammond turns to counter-terrorism. Today he will spend an extra £160m on CT funding in 2019/20.
He says he recognises that policing generally is under pressure.
Many MPs have made representations on this.
Sajid Javid, the home secretary, will review police spending power when he announces the police settlement in December.
Today I can announce that the new NHS Plan will include a new mental health crisis service 👩⚕️👨⚕️ #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/b0XoA0XWAQ
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
Chancellor: Today, building on the additional £240m for Social Care winter pressures, announced earlier this month
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
I will make available a further £650m of grant funding for English Authorities for 2019-20 #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/Ixej07WCrJ
Hammond turns to defence.
This year we have had reminders of the threats we face, he says.
A review is looking at defence needs.
- Hammond announces an extra £1bn for the MoD for this year and next.
It will fund, among other things, the continuous at-sea deterrence. This is something Jeremy Corbyn has spent his life trying to abolish, he says.
Hammond says in some areas he will announce extra money for departments now.
This budget will give more money to councils, he says.
They will be able to get more money from the social care precept.
A green paper on the future of social care will soon be published, he says.
But councils face immediate problems. So today he will make £650m available for English councils in 2019/20.
And £84m will be invested over five years to expand programmes for children in care.
Updated
Hammond says some of the “bunnies” in his hat have escaped early; in June the PM announced extra money for the NHS.
He describes it as a £25bn real terms increase for the NHS.
(That must be a UK figure, not an England-only figure, as the £20bn one is.)
He says the government has insisted on reforms too.
The NHS will soon publish a plan for reform.
But he can give some details now.
The NHS 10-year plan will include a new NHS crisis service, he says. Children and young people’s crisis teams will be available in all parts of the country.
Hammond says the OBR confirms a “significant improvement” in the public finances.
So he can set out a new path for public spending, he says.
Next year there will be a full spending review, he says.
Today he has set out a five-year path for additional departmental spending.
In 2015 real growth was negative.
Next year it will be positive, he says.
And he claims the “deal dividend” will provide even more money for departments.
The hard work of the British people is paying off. Austerity is coming to an end.
Growth forecasts revised up, but still 'dismal'
The new UK growth forecasts are better than expected in March, especially for 2019.
But they are still quite weak in historical terms:
- 2019: 1.6%, up from 1.3% in the spring statement
- 2020: 1.4%, up from 1.3% in the spring statement
- 2021: 1.4%, matching 1.4% in the spring statement
- 2022: 1.5%, matching 1.5% in the spring statement
- 2023: 1.6% (new forecast)
Catherine Colebrook, Chief economist at the Institute for Public Policy Research, says these figures are still dismal:
Yes. ‘The hard work is paying off’ in the form of a dismal 1.4-1.6% trend growth rate #budget18 https://t.co/1kDe8KpdOr
— Catherine Colebrook (@cath_colebrook) October 29, 2018
This is from the Resolution Foundation’s Torsten Bell.
Borrowing is basically being held at just over £20bn for ever - means surplus target abandoned
— Torsten Bell (@TorstenBell) October 29, 2018
Labour would increase tax and spending to over £1 trillion, he says.
That’s is a reckless policy from a reckless party.
[The deficit falls]…to less than 1.5% this year and next...
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
…falling to just 0.8% by 2023-24. #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/WTyRdkZBOW
“Fiscal Phil says fiscal rules okay,” he jokes.
Hammond turns to borrowing.
He says the deficit is due to fall from 10% under Labour to less than 1.4% next year, falling to 0.8% in 2023/24.
He says borrowing will fall to its lowest structural level for 20 years.
Here’s a snapshot of that #Budget2018 economy data: 📈 👇 pic.twitter.com/NVl8ZAWGts
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
So he will meet his borrowing target three years early, he says.
He says the government will no longer borrowing for current spending.
Hammond says the OBR is forecasting sustained real wages growth in each of the next five years.
Hammond turns to the OBR’s growth forecasts.
“The OBR expect growth to be resilient across the forecast period…
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
…improving next year from the 1.3% forecast at the Spring Statement…
…to 1.6%... 📈
…then 1.4% in 2020 and 2021; 1.5% in 2022; and 1.6% in 2023.” #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/0WAkm6h2e4
Hammond has given himself some wiggle-room, by saying that the era of austerity is ‘coming to an end’.
But still, he must announce some significant new spending, or the claim will fall flat.
Philip Hammond commits his own hostage to fortune: "The era of austerity is finally coming to an end." #Budget2018
— Jim Pickard (@PickardJE) October 29, 2018
"The era of austerity is finally coming to an end" - #budgettranslation ie it hasn't ended yet - this likely means he aims for a slowdown in austerity not a reversal #Budget2018
— Martin Lewis (@MartinSLewis) October 29, 2018
"Era of austerity is finally coming to an end" is not quite the same as "austerity is over" #Budget2018
— Jonathan Freedland (@Freedland) October 29, 2018
Hammond says we are at a “pivotal moment” in the Brexit talks.
If we get it right, there will be a “double Brexit dividend”.
More investment, currently on hold, will come on stream, he says. And the Treasury wil now longer have to hold back money.
He says he is increasing the amount of spending for no deal planing to £2bn.
Chancellor: I have already allocated £2.2bn to departments for Brexit preparations.
— HM Treasury (@hmtreasury) October 29, 2018
And in the Autumn Budget last year I set aside a further £1.5bn to be allocated in 2019-20.
Today I am increasing that sum to £2bn… 🇬🇧🇪🇺 #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/PXNYPrGPCj
He will retain borrowing headroom, so he has the fiscal firepower to use if it is needed.
And, if necessary, he will upgrade the spring statement to a full budget.
Updated
Hammond says the UK will build a new future outside the EU.
He pays tribute to the British people for “clearing up the aftermath of Labour’s great recession”.
We have had eight years of economic growth, he says. There is higher employment and lower unemployment in every region. Income inequality is lower than under Labour. The economy is back on its feet, he says. And the economy is working for everyone.
Hammond says the last budget on a Monday was in 1962. A foreign secretary turned chancellor was delivering it. It was a time of tension between Russia and the west.
He was six at the time, he says, but he jokes about remembering his parent say that could be him.
Hammond says 'the era of austerity is finally coming to an end'.
Hammond says “the era of austerity is finally coming to an end”.
Hammond says economy at a 'defining moment'
Hammond says the tough decisions of the last few years “were not driven by ideology”.
They were driven by necessity and by the failure of [Labour] in government.
The Tories did what had to be done.
Now we are at a “defining moment”, he says.
Hammond says this budget will see the efforts of the British people finally paying off.
It is a budget for people far away from this place, the “strivers, the grafters and the carers who are the backbone of our communities and our economy”.
They want us to minimise the amount of tax we take, he says.
He says the Tories are proud to represent them. This budget is for you, he tells them.
Philip Hammond's budget speech
Philip Hammond is starting his speech now.
The Treasury team are squeezing onto the front bench, ready for the off...
In a packed Commons chamber awaiting Philip Hammond’s Budget. He just shuffled onto the front bench alongside Theresa May, whose promise to end austerity he’s got to make good on - Brexit notwithstanding.
— Heather Stewart (@GuardianHeather) October 29, 2018
Behind the speaker's chair Geoffrey Cox pats chancellor on the shoulder and wishes him good luck #Budget18
— Andrew Sinclair (@andrewpolitics) October 29, 2018
Awkward moment for Liz Truss who struggles to squeeze in next to Chancellor Philip Hammond on the treasury bench ahead of the #Budget2018
— Harriet Line (@HarriLine) October 29, 2018
Hammond and May arrive in Commons.
— Paul Lewis (@paullewismoney) October 29, 2018
Labour is complaining that it has not received the usual redacted advance copy of the budget speech.
Chancellor of the Exchequer clearly so concerned about his budget statement falling apart that he’s broken the ministerial code by failing to provide even a heavily redacted version as required pic.twitter.com/o7wxxMJOC0
— Labour Whips (@labourwhips) October 29, 2018
In the press gallery waiting for the Budget and Philip Hammond’s wife Susan in the public gallery to watch what *could be* his final Budget? #Budget2018
— Beth Rigby (@BethRigby) October 29, 2018
The Evening Standard’s Joe Murphy says Philip Hammond will announce an extra £160m for counter-terrorism policing.
The House of Commons chamber has filled up ahead of the chancellor’s speech....
Boris Johnson is in chamber for #Budget2018 , sitting next to fellow Brexiteer @andreajenkyns
— Ben Glaze (@benglaze) October 29, 2018
This is from the Sun’s Tom Newton Dunn.
I'm told the Chancellor is just about to spray an awful lot more money around than previously thought; eg, the MoD alone is getting £1.8bn more over the next 2 years - that's a BIG win. Growth upgrades alone won't pay for it all, so beware the stealth taxes.
— Tom Newton Dunn (@tnewtondunn) October 29, 2018
The pound has lost a little ground against the US dollar today, down 0.2% at $1.2805, as City traders await the budget.
Last week it hit a seven-week low, and it could drop sharply if Hammond’s speech alarms the City, according to analyst Ranko Berich of Monex Europe.
Stating the obvious here but cable is in a precarious position. GBPUSD has found a patch of support at current levels but there's clear air below until at least 1.266ish if any sterling negative news comes from the budget pic.twitter.com/17fidMBnVh
— Ranko Berich (@rankoberich) October 29, 2018
The BBC’s political editor, Laura Kuenssberg, says we should keep the significance of today in proportion.
Before we get into guts of #Budget2018 remember while it's a big and important day, the Spending Review next year is the really big fight over how much of our cash the govt taxes and spends and on what - one govt insider calls today, 'the phoney war'
— Laura Kuenssberg (@bbclaurak) October 29, 2018
Joel Hills of ITV News points out that the Conservative Party’s 2017 manifesto included a commitment to balancing the budget by the middle of the next decade.
So Hammond can’t simply ignore that goal, without being accused of misleading the voters:
I imagine that it would be quite hard for the chancellor to abandon his target of balancing the books by the mid-2020s. It was an election pledge. #thismansnotforuturning pic.twitter.com/mdIuLTMhjb
— Joel Hills (@ITVJoel) October 29, 2018
Ipsos MORI has released its latest monthly Political Monitor polling (pdf). It includes this chart, suggesting that two thirds of voters say they support more spending on government services, even if that means higher taxes.
Philip Hammond, the chancellor, is said to be one of the (probably many) Tory MPs who believe that poll findings like this are unreliable, and that, faced with having to pay more in tax, people may feel differently.
Another chart suggests that confidence in Theresa May getting a good Brexit deal is at an all-time low.
Philip Hammond has emerged from 11 Downing Street for the traditional photoshoot.
He’s accompanied by some of his top Treasury ministers.
The chancellor looks quite cheerful as he holds up the red box, but doesn’t answer any shouted questions [He’ll be aware that Hugh Dalton had to resign as chancellor in 1947 after telling a journalist about tax changes in his budget].
Hammond is now making the short drive to the House of Commons, ready to deliver his speech in 30 minutes time.
Updated
Philip Hammond may outline plans for a digital sales tax in today’s budget, which would aim to raise more tax from technology companies such as Facebook, Amazon and Google.
Ideally the UK would like an international deal, but the chancellor could signal that he’d go it alone otherwise.
Alex Cobham, the chief executive of Tax Justice, has tweeted a chart showing how online shopping groups are taxed much more lightly than traditional retailers:
Here's the full comparison of corporate tax, national insurance, business rates (i.e. revenues) and wages that stem from £100 spent in UK via online or high street sales - striking differences #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/J6ULepa7I7
— Alex Cobham (@alexcobham) October 29, 2018
This is from Ian Blackford, the SNP leader at Westminister.
Austerity has been a political choice. For over 10 years the poor have borne the brunt of others mistakes. Todays budget must make good on the rhetoric and reverse austerity. The best hope for a prosperous future for the UK is staying in the SM and CU. #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/eIUu5EKHye
— Ian Blackford (@IanBlackfordMP) October 29, 2018
This is from the BBC’s Nick Eardley.
Industry sources think freeze of beer and spirits duty coming in Budget. We’ll find out in an hour or so.
— Nick Eardley (@nickeardleybbc) October 29, 2018
Here is a Twitter thread from Sky’s economics editor, Ed Conway, on what to look out for in the budget.
Thread: It's Budget day today. The speech itself is happening later than usual - 15:30 as opposed to 12:30. That means less time to dig through the data and find out whether there's any jiggery-pokery going on. On that basis, here are the key things to look out for:
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
First, is austerity REALLY over, in the Chancellor's figures as well as the rhetoric? There are various ways of measuring this but I'll be looking in particular at whether departmental spending is still falling year on year.
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
Second, if austerity is over, how is the Chancellor achieving this: more borrowing or more taxes? He'll be helped by the fact that the deficit this year will be A LOT lower than expected but is this really an invitation to borrow MORE?
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
That brings us to the third thing to look out for: is the reduced deficit a sign of an improving economy or simply a one-off blip? So I'll be keeping a close eye on the @OBR_UK's growth and productivity forecasts. Are they actually much better than last time around?
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
Four, will the Chancellor abandon his long-standing ambition to eliminate the deficit by the middle of the next Parliament? No-one else in Cabinet cares much about this - but if he is borrowing more (eg not raising taxes) it's starting to look nigh on impossible
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
Fifth, is this a do-nothing, or do-very little Budget? I'll be keeping a close eye on the scale of the new measures announced. How much of an impact will these policies actually have on your pocket? The suspicion is: not all that much. But we'll have to wait til 15:30 to find out
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
The beginning of the end of austerity was not the PM's conference speech, but... Brexit. Under Osborne, real dept spending per head was set to fall a further 6% 2017-2020. Under @PhilipHammondUK the scale of cuts was reduced to 3%. Question today: does he eliminate cuts entirely? pic.twitter.com/WVTpyirrRk
— Ed Conway (@EdConwaySky) October 29, 2018
Updated
PM has just left for the Commons - Cameras now poised on Number 11
— Laura Kuenssberg (@bbclaurak) October 29, 2018
Labour’s shadow chancellor, John McDonnell, has seized on the apparent disagreement between Theresa May and Philip Hammond over whether today’s budget will need rewriting if Britain doesn’t agree a Brexit deal with the EU.
“What is going on? The PM and The Chancellor contradicting each other. On the day of the budget. We’ve never seen anything like this.”
Helen Miller from the Institute for Fiscal Studies has got five charts which she says explain the background to the budget.
While the wonks among us debate what it means to end austerity, here’s what you need to know about the UK’s public finances and choices in 5 charts: #Budget2018 @theIFS
— Helen Miller (@HelenMiller_IFS) October 24, 2018
1. Some good news: the deficit is back to pre-crisis levels. It’s normal for governments to run deficits (i.e. to spend more than it raises in tax by borrowing). Reducing the deficit further would be tight fiscal position relative to recent history but... pic.twitter.com/3jhUbzEMws
— Helen Miller (@HelenMiller_IFS) October 24, 2018
2. Less good news: Debt remains high & is falling slowly – low deficits aren’t translating into falling debt the way they used to because growth is sluggish & student loads flattering headline measures (more here: https://t.co/ZT5PvjFKEj) pic.twitter.com/cDFVmrMGFi
— Helen Miller (@HelenMiller_IFS) October 24, 2018
3. It would cost quite a lot just to meet commitments to increase spending on the NHS, defence and aid & keep spending on other public services constant in real terms. Need more if also want to stop welfare cuts. pic.twitter.com/FlnjH3cXH7
— Helen Miller (@HelenMiller_IFS) October 24, 2018
4. We could keep cutting some departments and shifting money within government, but many departments have already seen pretty big cuts. (You can play with which departments you’d cut with this tool: https://t.co/evLFsJoLWA) pic.twitter.com/JVuWev9S1C
— Helen Miller (@HelenMiller_IFS) October 24, 2018
5. Punchline has to be that if we want to maintain services & meet pressures of an aging society then Govt may dodge hard tax decisions at #Budget2018 but at some point we’ll need higher taxes. We could do that without being internationally unusual pic.twitter.com/5Z5LlT8OW1
— Helen Miller (@HelenMiller_IFS) October 24, 2018
Philip Hammond’s allies are complaining that Theresa May has “spent his money before he stands up”, Newsnight’s Nicholas Watt reports in a blog here. Watt explains:
Friends of Philip Hammond complain that the prime minister has behaved in an “outrageous” way by spending £95bn before he even stands up this afternoon. One ally told me: “It is outrageous. The prime minister has spent his money before he stands up.”
The £95bn is understood to refer to the “scoring” in the Treasury red book for the spending commitments that will be fully outlined by the chancellor in his spending round next year. The extra spending on the NHS is understood to account for £83bn of the £95bn. These sums will cover the period from 2020 to 2023.
Political satire artist Kaya Mar has produces a new painting to mark today’s budget (a habit hat’s becoming as traditional as the red box itself).
This year’s effort suggests a Hammond will unleash a flood of carrots on the nation.....
Norman Lamb, the Lib Dem MP who was mental health minister in the coalition government, is not impressed by the extra spending on mental health in the budget, worth an extra £2bn in real terms by 2023/24. In a statement he said:
For all the government’s spin, this £2bn falls well short of the amount experts say is needed to deliver vital improvements to services and achieve real equality between mental and physical health.
Today’s announcement also recycles commitments set out in the coalition government’s blueprint for children’s mental health, which pledged a named mental health lead in schools as well as a dedicated professional in specialist NHS services. The Conservatives have failed to drive these changes through nearly five years on. Why should we expect things will be any different this time around?
Philip Hammond got a significant boost earlier this month when Britain’s fiscal watchdog reported that tax receipts were rather stronger than it expected this year.
That means a £13bn increase to Hammond’s fiscal firepower, which could help fund some spending for the NHS, or fix some of the problems with the benefits system.
But as we explained a few minutes ago, this isn’t enough to end austerity on its own.
The cost of ending austerity depends on how you define it - stopping further per capita cuts in day-to-day departmental spending from next year will cost £26.3bn by 2022-23. More in this report https://t.co/Jfn6rz456T pic.twitter.com/guhsUqQMka
— ResolutionFoundation (@resfoundation) October 29, 2018
So City economists will be scrutinising today’s budget to see whether Hammond is still committed to eliminating the budget deficit by the mid-2020s, or whether he decides to take the brakes off public borrowing.
More borrowing would risk breaching the government’s goal of eliminating the deficit by the mid-2020s, which was already looking challenging.
This chart from Resolution shows how tough it will be to achieve a balanced budget, even 15 years after the financial crisis:
Updated
Here is Damian McBride, a Labour adviser and a former head of communications at the Treasury, on the gap between what No 10 and No 11 are saying on the impact of Brexit on the government’s economic plans. (See 11.52am.)
The way I read this No10/HMT row is that HMT must know today is the day when the OBR really sticks the boot in re 'No Deal' (for the sake of its own credibility, having previously hid behind the fan charts), and Hammond can't look like he's ignoring that. But we shall soon see...
— Damian McBride (@DPMcBride) October 29, 2018
There were reports earlier this month that Northern Ireland’s DUP party could break their ‘confidence and supply’ deal with Theresa May and vote against the budget -- which might bring down the government.
DUP spokesman Sammy Wilson has told the BBC that his party isn’t planning to oppose the budget...simply because it doesn’t know the details of Britain’s withdrawal agreement with Europe.
But the threat is still hanging over the government.
Wilson says:
To date we haven’t seen the outcome of the withdrawal agreement so it would be reckless of us to oppose the budget on the basis of something we haven’t seen.
However, the government will need support when it comes to the finance bill, which implements the measures in the budget, when it comes to legislation for universal credit and a whole lot of other domestic legislation.
So they shouldn’t take it for granted that just because they get the budget passed that they can do whatever they like with Northern Ireland.
DUP will support the Budget, suggests #Brexit spokesperson Sammy Wilson, but party could oppose government in future if exit deal means Northern Ireland is "separated from the rest of the United Kingdom"
— BBC Politics (@BBCPolitics) October 29, 2018
Follow #Budget2018 live: https://t.co/rgK1dVYOYZ pic.twitter.com/P0oHl2CeeM
Updated
Given what Theresa May said at her party conference speech, today’s budget may well be judged by whether or not it supports claims that austerity is ending.
For reference, it is worth pointing out that the Institute for Fiscal Studies and the Resolution Foundation, the two thinktanks that take the lead in budget analysis, have both produced reports addressing this - but coming to different conclusions.
In its green budget, summarised here (pdf), the IFS says ending austerity would cost an extra £19bn by 2022/23 at a minimum. It says:
On the narrowest possible definition, ‘ending austerity’, as the prime minister has promised, would require the chancellor to find £19bn of additional public service spending relative to current plans by 2022–23. That would leave unprotected day-to-day departmental spending just constant in real terms, and falling as a share of national income. It would still leave in place £7bn of further cuts to social security.
But the Resolution Foundation, in its own pre-budget briefing, puts the price tag for ending austerity at £31bn. It says:
An ‘end-of-austerity’ package that ensures that no department need face any further cuts in real-terms per capita spending beyond 2019-20, alongside cancelling the final year of the four-year benefit freeze and re-investing in the work allowances that underpin the new universal credit (UC) system would cost around £31bn in 2022-23. The chancellor could just about deliver that sum by making full use of his new higher borrowing headroom, but in doing so he would fall foul of his own debt rule. With so much uncertainty around, and an ongoing determination to lower debt relative to GDP, he will want to follow a more modest borrowing path. To square the circle, he will almost certainly need to raise some tax revenues – even if not at this budget.
Had the 2016 EU referendum turned out differently, George Osborne could possibly be delivering today’s speech.
Instead, the former chancellor-turned-editor has been working on his front page at the Evening Standard:
Today’s @EveningStandard: Angela Merkel announces she’s stepping down & pre-Budget analysis inc £160m extra for terror fight + @KingEconomist pic.twitter.com/vBq8q9rCu3
— George Osborne (@George_Osborne) October 29, 2018
It’s a good headline, but slightly misleading. Angela Merkel is stepping aside as leader of her CDU party, but hopes to stay on as German chancellor until 2021 (so she could still outlast Theresa May).
And while we’re on the subject of the Brexit 50p coin, it is worth pointing out that the Sun, which broke the story, describes this as a significant announcement in its leader column. “Never can a budget announcement over 50p have been so warmly welcomed,” it says. The editorial also uses this as an opportunity to renew criticism of the Royal Mail for not issuing Brexit stamps (“first-class buffoonery”), despite remainer suspicions that in fact that the Royal Mail has surreptitiously done exactly that.
We’ve already covered the news that Philip Hammond plans to announce a special Brexit 50p coin. (See 11.03am.) This morning the European commission has confirmed that there are no plans for a euro equivalent. Asked if there would be a new euro coin marking Brexit, a commission spokesman said: “We have no current plans to do anything of the sort.”
Rupert Harrison, who was chief of staff to George Osborne when Osborne was chancellor, thinks it was a mistake for Theresa May to promise an end to austerity in her conference speech.
Sadly have to agree - the govt was groping its way towards a sensible strategy, eg Philip Hammond's "balanced approach", investing more in public services whilst still owning economic responsibility, but the 'end of austerity' language raises expectations that can't be met... https://t.co/QJzKP9U2Js
— Rupert Harrison (@rbrharrison) October 29, 2018
One of May’s first acts as PM, of course, was to sack Osborne.
Jonathan Portes, professor of economics at Kings College London and a former government economist, says the No 10 use of the word “funded” at the lobby briefing (see 11.52am) is misleading.
"Funded" is meaningless here. What Hammond said (very sensibly) was that if No Deal hits the economy he'll let borrowing/deficit take the strain rather than increase taxes/cut spending https://t.co/GwK9V2TAzl
— Jonathan Portes (@jdportes) October 29, 2018
No 10 claims no deal Brexit would not threaten budget spending announcements despite Hammond's warning
Yesterday Philip Hammond, the chancellor, said that the announcements he was making in his budget were predicated on the assumption that there would be a Brexit deal. When asked if it would be possible to end austerity in the event of there being no deal, he told the BBC’s Andrew Marr:
I have build my budget on the OBR’s forecasts. That’s the way the system is mandated to work by parliament. And the OBR have set out the assumptions that they make; they assume that we will get a negotiated exit, a free trade – an average type free trade deal, and that’s what the budget is based on. If we get a better deal than that there’ll be an upside. If we leave with no deal we’ll be in a different set of circumstances and it would require a different approach, a different response.
He also told Sky’s Sophy Ridge:
If we don’t get a deal, if we were to leave the European Union without any deal – and I think that’s an extremely unlikely situation but of course we have to prepare and plan for all eventualities as any prudent government would – if we were to find ourselves in that situation then we would need to take a different approach to the future of Britain’s economy. We would need to look at a different strategy and frankly we’d need to have a new budget that set out a different strategy for the future.
But this morning the prime minister’s spokesman insisted that all the spending commitments being announced this afternoon will be funded, whether there is a Brexit deal or not. He told the lobby briefing:
We’ve been clear that people need to know that their hard work has paid off and that the austerity that followed the financial crash is coming to an end. That’s why we are focused on delivering irrespective of Brexit, starting with today’s budget which locks in the progress we have made and sets us on a path for the spending review, where we will set out our long-term approach.
All of the spending commitments that the chancellor will set out today are funded irrespective of a deal.
These two positions are not technically incompatible; the “different strategy” referred to by Hammond could theoretically involve the same spending commitments, funded by a big increase in borrowing to make up for the likely loss of revenue to the exchequer a no deal Brexit would cause.
But in his interviews Hammond clearly implied that ending austerity would be much harder in a no deal scenario. Asked if Theresa May was right to say in her Tory conference speech that austerity was ending, he told Marr:
Once we get a good deal with the European Union and a smooth exit from the EU, we will be able to show the British people that the fruits of their hard work are now at last in sight.
It is also assumed that, in the event of a no deal Brexit, Hammond would want to use extra borrowing (or his “fiscal firepower”, as he has described it) to slash taxes to avert a recession, and that increasing departmental spending might take less of a priority.
Rees-Mogg: Budget must tackle universal credit
Conservative Jacob Rees-Mogg has called on Philip Hammond to make fixing Universal Credit a ‘priority’ in today’s budget.
On his LBC radio phone-in, Rees-Mogg said the chancellor needs to tackle Britain’s welfare system, saying:
I would concentrate on ironing out the difficulties with Universal Credit which is a very good system, but has some transition problems that are very serious.
Q: Because it was denuded by cash by George Osborne a couple of years ago?
That’s absolutely right, Rees-Mogg agrees, adding:
In retrospect that was a mistake and that money ought to be put back, and that’s probably a priority.
Q: Could there be a revolt over universal credit?
Rees-Mogg says that many Tory MPs share his concerns:
There’s a widespread opinion across the party that universal credit is a good scheme and it needs to be implemented properly and fairly.
It is very hard on people if they are going to lose significant amounts of money. Every MP has cases within his or own constituency of this kind, and they need to be put right. There is a problem, and it needs addressing.
Back in 2015, Osborne cut around £3bn from the welfare bill through changes to universal credit. Those changes hurt working single parents particularly hard.
An LBC listener named Rebecca then gave a first-hand account of the problems. Her husband has died, leaving her to bring up her six-year old son. Rebecca works, and claims working tax credit - but due to a very slight change in her circumstances she’s being reassessed under universal credit.
This will cost Rebecca £300 per month, mainly because some of her income comes from late husband’s occupational pension.
Is this right? Rees-Mogg thinks not, calling it “a failure of implementation”, and an example of why reforms are needed. “Faceless bureaucracy” is not considering the individual, he adds. Over to you, chancellor...
Twitter wits are in overdrive this morning, following the news that Hammond will announce a new 50p Brexit coin today.
According to The Sun, the new coin will be minted to mark Brexit Day (29 March 2019). It will bear the cheery motto “Friendship with all nations.”
Scholars among you will know that the full quote, from US president Thomas Jefferson, reads:
“Peace, commerce and honest friendship with all nations; entangling alliances with none”.
A new 50p coin is about to be released - and it has a very important meaning https://t.co/Aw0aER1TZv pic.twitter.com/lVojkykvdP
— The Sun (@TheSun) October 29, 2018
A lot of people are making the same joke -- that this is actually the new Brexit quid.
Government unveils new coin worth 50 pence after Brexit. pic.twitter.com/vtWyPlJXxk
— Wes Streeting MP (@wesstreeting) October 29, 2018
Streeting has a point, though. After plunging after the referendum, sterling is still down around 13% against both the dollar and the euro. The 50p in your pocket has been devalued by the Brexit vote (and it could fall further in a no-deal scenario).
Remain supporters are suggesting alternative designs. For example:
The Brexit 50p design has been officially revealed. "One side features the Queen with her head in her hand, quietly sobbing, while the other has a comprehensive list of the benefits the people of the UK will receive on leaving the EU" #BrexitCoin #brexit50p pic.twitter.com/uP7EHtpfpt
— HappyToast ★ (@IamHappyToast) October 29, 2018
Brexit 50p designs leaked pic.twitter.com/rFtuQF3Hq4
— Olaf Falafel (@OFalafel) October 29, 2018
The Daily Mash reckons these coins could be handy, even if the sunlit uplands of Brexit turn cloudy:
Brexit 50p coins ‘can be sharpened and thrown at the rats trying to steal your last potato’ https://t.co/nYu7zId0LG pic.twitter.com/dVPyRchAad
— The Daily Mash (@thedailymash) October 29, 2018
There is precedent for the Brexit coin, though. Back in 1973, Britain minted a new 50p with a ring of hands, to show European integration and friendship when it joined the EEC. At least Hammond’s new design doesn’t give Europe the finger...
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Former European commission president suggests article 50 could be delayed to allow more time for Brexit deal
In an interview with the Today programme José Manuel Barroso, the former president of the European commission, said he thought that the UK and the EU would reach a Brexit deal.
Typically these kind of agreements are made very late in the process. There is always some drama, and by the way you are seeing that drama also here in Britain. But at the end I have no doubt about the commitment of the European Union to a compromise.
But he also suggested that article 50 could be delayed to ensure this happens. He told the programme:
In Brussels there is an expression that I heard very often, ‘stop the clock.’ When there is not an agreement, sometimes it happens that we stop the clock, we give [ourselves] more time. So I don’t think we should overdramatise this issue of timing.
Of course it’s better to be punctual. I hope that we are punctual, to have an agreement ready on time. But I think it’s not the end of the world if we need more time, or if we need more transition or implementation time.
Asked if the EU would happily agree to an extension of this kind, he said he thought it would.
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When Philip Hammond was photographed yesterday working on his budget speech, he was drinking from a personalised mug.
Chancellor Philip Hammond has a mug with "Chancellor Philip Hammond" written on it. pic.twitter.com/vL3fwjbyYt
— Dan Bloom (@danbloom1) October 28, 2018
According to Will Tanner, a former No 10 aide, every cabinet minister gets sent one by a designer.
Every Cabinet Member is sent them by Emma Bridgewater when they get appointed. It's a rather good marketing thing, as this pre-Budget snap demonstrates.
— Will Tanner (@Will_Tanner) October 28, 2018
The Commons home affairs committee has published a very short report today criticising Sajid Javid, the home secretary, for not responding properly to a report it published on migration options from the European Economic Area. It says:
We are particularly concerned that the government has shown so little inclination to engage with scrutiny of its preparations for Brexit. We have previously written to the Home Office about the government’s dilatory approach to our work on UK-EU security co-operation after Brexit: in that instance it took more than five months for the government to reply to our report of 21 March. Having initially sought to avoid responding to our migration report, the government response in this instance is derisory. As the UK’s withdrawal from the EU approaches, the Home Office has not shown us that it feels any urgency about addressing these challenges at all.
Liz Truss, chief secretary to the Treasury, has been dosing up on strong coffee to get her through the day.
It’s a double espresso kind of morning. Later today we’ll deliver a forward looking, positive Budget that gives everyone the chance to succeed. #Budget2018 #StartMeUp #RedBoxReady pic.twitter.com/7SmRDjCAZP
— Liz Truss (@trussliz) October 29, 2018
Hopefully this doesn’t mean the Budget is boring....
Philip Hammond may need a few espressos too, after staying up late to finish the speech:
Putting the finishing touches to my Budget speech tonight. Tune in tomorrow at 3:30. #Budget2018 pic.twitter.com/zp9DueUOJG
— Philip Hammond (@PhilipHammondUK) October 28, 2018
Matt Hancock, the health secretary, also told the Today programme that, if there is a Brexit deal, there will be a “Brexit dividend” for the economy, my colleague Peter Walker reports. Hancock said:
I think that we are en route to getting a good deal. I also think that if we get a good deal then we’re going to get a boost from that – there’s going to be a deal dividend.
I talk to companies every day that are ready to make investments in the UK and they want the uncertainty of these negotiations cleared before they will make those investments. So actually I think there’s potential good news on the horizon as we make a deal with the EU.
Here is the full story.
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Good morning. Philip Hammond, the chancellor, will deliver his third budget this afternoon. These statements are supposed to be one of the decisive political events of the year. But it doesn’t feel like that today because even an announcement about how the government will raise and spend the £800bn or so it needs every year somehow seems second order compared to Brexit, a policy black hole whose gravitational pull is so enormous that it overwhelms almost everything else in Whitehall.
Hammond more or less admitted that yesterday. In interviews he conceded that today’s will in many respects just be a provisional budget, and that if the UK fails to secure a Brexit deal with the EU, he will have to rip it up and come back to the Commons with an alternative.
Hammond also said yesterday that the biggest spending decision in the budget has already been made. It came when Theresa May announced extra spending for the NHS in the summer, leading to real terms spending on it in England rising by £20bn a year by 2023/24. On the Today programme this morning Matt Hancock, the health secretary, said that at least this commitment was Brexit-proof. He told the programme:
The extra £20bn for the NHS is coming. We’ll see it in the figures today and that is irrespective of the deal that we get on Brexit.
Here is our overnight budget preview story.
And here is a guide to what to expect.
I’m Andrew Sparrow and, as usual on budget day, I’ll be covering the statement and providing reaction, analysis and a focus on what’s in the budget small print with my colleague Graeme Wearden.
Normally the budget is at 12.30pm on a Wednesday. But Hammond reportedly decided to hold it on a Monday this week so as to avoid clashing with Halloween and as a result we won’t get the speech until 3.30pm, because the Commons starts late on a Monday. That means that journalists will have three hours less than usual to unpick it before tomorrow’s newspapers go to print.
Here are the key timings for today.
11am: Downing Street briefing.
12.30pm: Hammond briefs the cabinet on his budget.
3.30pm: Hammond delivers the budget in the Commons.
If you want to follow us or contact us on Twitter, I’m on @AndrewSparrow and Graeme is on @graemewearden.
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